Commercial – Chapter 7 – Aviation Weather

Every physical process of weather is accompanied by or is the result of

Moisture is added to a parcel of air by

In the Northern Hemisphere, the wind is deflected to the

Why does the wind have a tendency to flow parallel to the isobars above the friction level?

With regard to windflow patterns shown on surface analysis charts; when the isobars are

What causes wind?

Which is true regarding a cold front occlusion? The air ahead of the warm  front

On Surface Analysis Charts, widely spaced isobars indicate a

Which is true with respect to a high- or low-pressure system?

Which is true regarding high- or low-pressure systems?

While flying cross-country in the Northern Hemisphere, you experience a continuous left crosswind which is associated with a major wind system. This indicates that you

When flying into a low-pressure area in the Northern Hemisphere, the wind direction and velocity will be from the

What prevents air from flowing directly from high-pressure areas to low-pressure areas?

The general circulation of air associated with a high-pressure area in the Northern Hemisphere is

The wind system associated with a low-pressure area in the Northern Hemisphere is

During the winter months in the middle latitudes, the jet stream shifts toward the

The strength and location of the jet stream is normally

A common location of clear air turbulence is

The jet stream and associated clear air turbulence can sometimes be visually identified in flight by

A strong wind shear can be expected

Which type of jet stream can be expected to cause the greater turbulence?

Which feature is associated with the tropopause?

What is the standard temperature at 10,000 feet?

What are the standard temperature and pressure values for sea level?

What is the standard temperature at 20,000 feet?

Which is true regarding actual air temperature and dew point temperature spread? The temperature spread

What is the standard temperature at 6,500 feet?

Which cloud types would indicate convective turbulence?

Which combination of weather-producing variables would likely result in cumuliform-type clouds, good visibility, and showery rain?

Which are characteristics of a cold air mass moving over a warm surface?

What is the approximate base of the cumulus clouds if the temperature at 2,000 feet MSL is 10°C and the dew point is 1°C?

What determines the structure or type of clouds which will form as a result of air being forced to ascend?

The presence of standing lenticular altocumulus clouds is a good indication of

Virga is best described as

Fog produced by frontal activity is a result of saturation due to

Which in-flight hazard is most commonly associated with warm fronts?

A situation most conducive to the formation of advection fog is

Advection fog has drifted over a coastal airport during the day. What may tend to dissipate or lift this fog into low stratus clouds?

What lifts advection fog into low stratus clouds?

Which conditions are favorable for the formation of a surface based temperature inversion?

In what ways do advection fog, radiation fog, and steam fog differ in their formation or location?

With respect to advection fog, which statement is true?

What are the characteristics of stable air?

Which would decrease the stability of an air mass?

What is a characteristic of stable air?

Which would increase the stability of an air mass?

Which is a characteristic of stable air?

Which is a characteristic typical of a stable air mass?

What type weather can one expect from moist, unstable air, and very warm surface temperature?

A moist, unstable air mass is characterized by

If clouds form as a result of very stable, moist air being forced to ascend a mountain slope, the clouds will be

The formation of either predominantly stratiform or predominantly cumuliform clouds is dependent upon the

When an air mass is stable, which of these conditions is most likely to exist?

Which is true regarding the development of convective circulation?

When conditionally unstable air with high-moisture content and very warm surface temperature is forecast, one can expect what type of weather?

Convective circulation patterns associated with sea breezes are caused by

From which measurement of the atmosphere can stability be determined?

The difference found by subtracting the temperature of a parcel of air theoretically lifted from the surface to 500 millibars and the existing temperature at 500 millibars is called the

The conditions necessary for the formation of stratiform clouds are a lifting action and

What visible signs indicate extreme turbulence in thunderstorms?

What feature is normally associated with the cumulus stage of a thunderstorm?

The conditions necessary for the formation of cumulonimbus clouds are a lifting action and

The most severe weather conditions, such as destructive winds, heavy hail, and tornadoes, are generally associated with

Of the following, which is accurate regarding turbulence associated with thunderstorms?

Which statement is true concerning squall lines?

Which statement is true regarding squall lines?

Select the true statement pertaining to the life cycle of a thunderstorm.

Which weather phenomenon signals the beginning of the mature stage of a thunderstorm?

During the life cycle of a thunderstorm, which stage is characterized predominately by downdrafts?

What minimum distance should exist between intense radar echoes before any attempt is made to fly between these thunderstorms?

Which is true regarding the use of airborne weather-avoidance radar for the recognition of certain weather conditions?

Which situation would most likely result in freezing precipitation? Rain falling from air which has a temperature of

If airborne radar is indicating an extremely intense thunderstorm echo, this thunderstorm should be avoided by a distance of at least

Hail is most likely to be associated with

Ice pellets encountered during flight normally are evidence that

The greatest threats to an aircraft operating in the vicinity of thunderstorms are:

Which statement is true concerning the hazards of hail?

Ice pellets encountered during flight are normally evidence that

What is indicated if ice pellets are encountered at 8,000 feet?

Thunderstorms identified as severe or giving an intense radar echo should be avoided by what distance?

On initial climbout after takeoff and with the autopilot engaged, you encounter icing conditions. In this situation you can expect

A pilot reporting turbulence that momentarily causes slight, erratic changes in altitude and/or attitude should report it as

When turbulence causes changes in altitude and/or attitude, but aircraft control remains positive, that should be reported as

Turbulence that is encountered above 15,000 feet AGL not associated with cumuliform cloudiness, including thunderstorms, should be reported as

The minimum vertical wind shear value critical for probable moderate or greater turbulence is

One of the most dangerous features of mountain waves is the turbulent areas in and

The conditions most favorable to wave formation over mountainous areas are a layer of

When flying low over hilly terrain, ridges, or mountain ranges, the greatest potential danger from turbulent air currents will usually be encountered on the

Convective currents are most active on warm summer afternoons when winds are

During departure, under conditions of suspected low-level wind shear, a sudden decrease in headwind will cause

During an approach, the most important and most easily recognized means of being alerted to possible wind shear is monitoring the

The Low Level Wind Shear Alert System (LLWAS) provides wind data and software process to detect the presence of a

What is an important characteristic of wind shear?

Low-level wind shear may occur when

Hazardous wind shear is commonly encountered

If a temperature inversion is encountered immediately after takeoff or during an approach to a landing, a potential hazard exists due to

GIVEN:

Winds at 3,000 feet AGL           Surface winds 30 kts Calm

While on approach for landing, under clear skies with convective turbulence a few hours after sunrise, one should