Instrument – Chapter 8 – Aviation Weather

The primary cause of all changes in the Earth’s weather is

Which force, in the Northern Hemisphere, acts at a right angle to the wind and deflects it to the right until parallel to the isobars?

What relationship exists between the winds at 2,000 feet above the surface and the surface winds?

Winds at 5,000 feet AGL on a particular flight are southwesterly while most of the surface winds are southerly. This difference in direction is primarily due to

What causes surface winds to flow across the isobars at an angle rather than parallel to the isobars?

An air mass is a body of air that

A characteristic of the stratosphere is

A jet stream is defined as wind of

The average height of the troposphere in the middle latitudes is

The strength and location of the jet stream is normally

Which feature is associated with the tropopause?

Which weather phenomenon is always associated with the passage of a frontal system?

Which is a characteristic of low-level wind shear as it relates to frontal activity?

Frontal waves normally form on

Where do squall lines most often develop?

When compared to winds at the surface, winds at 2,000 feet are

Which are characteristics of an unstable cold air mass moving over a warm surface?

What are the characteristics of stable air?

What type clouds can be expected when an unstable air mass is forced to ascend a mountain slope?

Which is a characteristic of stable air?

The general characteristics of unstable air are

What type of clouds will be formed if very stable moist air is forced up slope?

Steady precipitation, in contrast to showers, preceding a front is an indication of

What enhances the growth rate of precipitation?

Which of the following combinations of weather producing variables would likely result in cumuliform-type clouds, good visibility, rain showers, and possible clear-type icing in clouds?

What determines the structure or type of clouds which form as a result of air being forced to ascend?

Stability can be determined from which measurement of the atmosphere?

What are some characteristics of unstable air?

Unsaturated air flowing up slope will cool at the rate of approximately (dry adiabatic lapse rate)

What feature is associated with a temperature inversion?

Which weather conditions should be expected beneath a low-level temperature inversion layer when the relative humidity is high?

A common type of ground or surface based temperature inversion is that which is produced by

A temperature inversion will normally form only

Which conditions are favorable for the formation of radiation fog?

What situation is most conducive to the formation of radiation fog?

The most frequent type of ground- or surface-based temperature inversion is that produced by

What types of fog depend upon a wind in order to exist?

Which weather condition can be expected when moist air flows from a relatively warm surface to a colder surface?

Fog is usually prevalent in industrial areas because of

In what localities is advection fog most likely to occur?

In which situation is advection fog most likely to form?

Under which condition does advection fog usually form?

The amount of water vapor which air can hold largely depends on

To which meteorological condition does the term “dew point” refer?

Clouds, fog, or dew will always form when

Which conditions result in the formation of frost?

What are the four families of clouds?

Which family of clouds is least likely to contribute to structural icing on an aircraft?

The presence of standing lenticular altocumulus clouds is a good indication of

Standing lenticular clouds, in mountainous areas, indicate

The suffix “nimbus”, used in naming clouds, means a

A high cloud is composed mostly of

Which clouds have the greatest turbulence?

Fair weather cumulus clouds often indicate

When is an airplane most likely to be struck by lightning?

What are the requirements for the formation of a thunderstorm?

What is an indication that downdrafts have developed and the thunderstorm cell has entered the mature stage?

Which procedure is recommended if a pilot should unintentionally penetrate embedded thunderstorm activity?

Which thunderstorms generally produce the most severe conditions, such as heavy hail and destructive winds?

Which weather phenomenon is always associated with a thunderstorm?

During the life cycle of a thunderstorm, which stage is characterized predominately by downdrafts?

If squalls are reported at your destination, what wind conditions should you anticipate?

What is indicated by the term “embedded thunderstorms”?

Which weather phenomenon signals the beginning of the mature stage of a thunderstorm?

The use of airborne weather-avoidance radar

In which meteorological environment is aircraft structural icing most likely to have the highest rate of accumulation?

Test data indicate that ice, snow, or frost having a thickness and roughness similar to medium or coarse sandpaper on the leading edge and upper surface of an airfoil can

Which precipitation type normally indicates freezing rain at higher altitudes?

What visual clue would alert a pilot to the presence of large supercooled water droplets?

When large supercooled water droplets (SLD) are present in temperatures below +5°C, outside air temperature, what type of icing would be expected to form?

Which of the following would be an accurate description of supercooled large droplets (SLD)?

What is an operational consideration if you fly into rain which freezes on impact?

What temperature condition is indicated if wet snow is encountered at your flight altitude?

The presence of ice pellets at the surface is evidence that

Why is frost considered hazardous to flight operation?

If the air temperature is +8°C at an elevation of 1,350 feet and a standard (average) temperature lapse rate exists, what will be the approximate freezing level?

A pilot who experiences tailplane icing on the approach should

What happens to residual ice that remains after deice boots are inflated and shed ice?

On which surface of the aircraft could a pilot generally expect to see the first sign of ice accumulation?

What types of surfaces are most likely to see the first signs of ice accumulation?

While flying a standard instrument departure procedure (DP) you encounter icing conditions and the autopilot is engaged, you should

The most susceptible surface of the aircraft for ice accumulation is the

If you detect icing accumulation in flight, especially if the aircraft is not equipped with a deicing system, you should

To recover from a tailplane stall brought on by ice accumulation, the pilot should

Tailplane icing can be detected by a(n)

Tailplane icing can be detected by

In an aircraft equipped with a pneumatic deicing system, the appropriate technique for removing ice is to

A tailplane stall as the result of ice accumulation is most likely to occur during

With regards to icing, which is true?

Which of the following is true about icing?

Should you experience uncommanded roll due to icing forward of the ailerons, the most appropriate response is to

Should you experience buffeting or vibrations after .extending the flaps upon exiting or during icing conditions, the most likely reason is

The best technique for using deicing boots is to

The proper use of deicing boots should include

How should deicing boots be used after exiting flight in icing conditions?

Test data indicates that ice, snow, or frost having a thickness and roughness similar to medium or coarse sandpaper on the leading edge and upper surface of an airfoil can

During or after flight in icing conditions, vibration or buffeting that follows, but was not evident prior to, flap deployment is

Which is true concerning aircraft icing?

Where would you see the first sign of ice buildup?

Roll upsets caused by ice accumulation forward of the ailerons can be remedied by

When using deicing boots, the pilot should

If you experience icing during an approach, you should

101. If you experience icing during an approach, you should

On the initial climbout after takeoff with the autopilot engaged, you encounter icing conditions. In this situation, it is recommended that

What type of icing should be expected when you encounter supercooled large droplets (SLD) that splash or splatter on impact at temperatures below +5°C OAT?

Which is true regarding Supercooled Large Droplets (SLD) and their accumulation?

Ice tends to accumulate first on parts of the plane that are

After cycling of the deicing boots, residual ice will

Which is true about ice formation on a wing surface?

Which of the following is true about icing characteristics?

What is true regarding ice accumulations on a wing surface?

Where will the pilot first notice an accumulation of ice?

Where is airplane icing most difficult to identify?

A generally recommended practice for autopilot usage during cruise flight in icing conditions is

On initial climbout after takeoff and with the autopilot engaged, you encounter icing conditions. In this situation you can expect

What is an important characteristic of wind shear?

A pilot reporting turbulence that momentarily causes slight, erratic changes in altitude and/or attitude should report it as

What is an important characteristic of wind shear?

Where can wind shear associated with a thunderstorm be found? Choose the most complete answer.

Where does wind shear occur?

Hazardous wind shear is commonly encountered near the ground

When a climb or descent through an inversion or wind shear zone is being performed, the pilot should be alert for which of the following changes in airplane  performance?

Which is a characteristic of low-level wind shear as it relates to low-level temperature inversions?

Refer to figure 13 below. When penetrating a microburst, which aircraft will experience an increase in performance without a change in pitch or power?

Refer to figure 13 below. The aircraft in position 3 will experience which effect in a microburst encounter?

Refer to figure 13 below. How will the aircraft in position 4 be affected by a microburst encounter?

Refer to figure 13 below. If involved in a microburst encounter, in which aircraft positions will the most severe downdraft  occur?

Refer to figure 13 below. What effect will a microburst encounter have upon the aircraft in position 4?

An aircraft that encounters a headwind of 45 knots, within a microburst, may expect a total shear across the microburst of

Maximum downdrafts in a microburst encounter may be as strong as

What is the expected duration of an individual microburst?