Instrument – Chapter 9 – Aviation Weather Services

Question 1 of 49

1. Question

AIRMETs are issued on a scheduled basis every

15 minutes after the hour only.
15 minutes until the AIRMET is canceled.
six hours.

Question 2 of 49

2. Question

The Hazardous lnflight Weather Advisory Service (HIWAS) is a continuous broadcast over selected VORs of

SIGMETs, CONVECTIVE SIGMETs, AIRMETs, Severe Weather Forecast Alerts (AWW), and Center Weather Advisories.
SIGMETs, CONVECTIVE SIGMETs, AIRMETs, Wind Shear Advisories, and Severe Weather Forecast Alerts (AWW).
Wind Shear Advisories, Radar Weather Reports, SIGMETs, CONVECTIVE SIGMETs, AIRMETs, and Center Weather Advisories (CWA).

Question 3 of 49

3. Question

Pilots of IFR flights seeking ATC in-flight weather avoidance assistance should keep in mind that

ATC radar limitations and, frequency congestion may limit the controllers capability to provide this service.
circumnavigating severe weather can only be accommodated in the en route areas away from terminals because of congestion.
ATC Narrow Band Radar does not provide the controller with weather intensity capability.

Question 4 of 49

4. Question

SIGMETs are issued as a warning of weather conditions potentially hazardous

particularly to light aircraft.
to all aircraft.
only to light aircraft operations.

Question 5 of 49

5. Question

SIGMETs are issued as a warning of weather conditions potentially hazardous

particularly to large commercial operators.
to all aircraft regardless of size or operating environment.
particularly to light aircraft.

Question 6 of 49

6. Question

The reporting station originating this Aviation Routine Weather Report has a field elevation of 620 feet. If the reported sky cover is one continuous layer, what is its thickness (tops of OVC are reported at 6,500 feet)?

METAR KMDW 121856Z AUTO 32005KT 1 1/2SM +RA BR OVC007 17/16 A2980

5,180 feet.
5,800 feet.
5,880 feet.

Question 7 of 49

7. Question

The station originating the following weather report has a field elevation of 1,300 feet MSL. From the bottom of the overcast cloud layer, what is its thickness (tops of OVC are reported at 3,800 feet)?

SPECI KOKC 2228Z 28024G36KT 3/4SM BKN008 OVC020 28/23 A3000

500 feet.
1,700 feet.
2,500 feet.

Question 8 of 49

8. Question

Interpret the remarks section of METAR surface report for KBNA.

METAR KBNA 211250Z 33018KT 290V260 1/2SM R31/2700FT +SN BLSNFG VV008 OO/M03 A2991 RMK RAE42SNB42

The wind is variable from 290° to 360°.
Heavy blowing snow and fog on runway 31.
Rain ended 42 past the hour, snow began 42 past the hour.

Question 9 of 49

9. Question

A ceiling is defined as the height of the

highest layer of clouds or obscuring phenomena aloft that covers over 6/10 of the sky.
lowest layer of clouds that contributed to the overall overcast.
lowest layer of clouds or obscuring phenomena aloft that is reported as broken or overcast.

Question 10 of 49

10. Question

What significant sky condition is reported in this METAR observation?

METAR KBNA 1250Z 33018KT 290V360 1/2SM R31/2700FT +SN BLSNFG VV008 OO/M03 A2991 RMK RERAE42SNB42

Runway 31 ceiling is 2,700 feet.
Sky is obscured with vertical visibility of 800 feet.
Measured ceiling is 300 feet overcast.

Question 11 of 49

11. Question

Interpret this PIREP.

MRB UA/OV MRB/TM 1430/FL 060/TP C182/SK BKN BL /WX RA/TB MDT.

Ceiling 6,000 feet intermittently below moderate thundershowers; turbulence increasing westward.
FL 60,000, intermittently below clouds; moderate rain, turbulence increasing with the wind.
At 6,000 feet; between layers; moderate turbulence; moderate rain.

Question 12 of 49

12. Question

Which response most closely interprets the following PIREP?

UA/OV OKC 063064/TM 1522/FL080/TP C172/TA – 04 /WV245040/TB LGT/RM IN CLR.

64 nautical miles on the 63 degree radial from Oklahoma City VOR at 1522 UTC, flight level 8,000 feet. Type of aircraft is a Cessna 172.
Reported by a Cessna 172, turbulence and light rime icing in climb to 8,000 ft.
63 nautical miles on the 64 degree radial from Oklahoma City, thunderstorm and light rain at 1522 UTC.

Question 13 of 49

13. Question

Use the TAF to determine the wind shear forecast.

TAF

KCVG 231051Z 231212 12012KT 4SM -RA BR OVC008 WS005/27050KT TEMPO 1719 1/2SM -RA FG

FM1930 09012KT 1SM-DZ BR VV003 BECMG 2021 5SM HZ=

Wind shear from the surface to 500 feet AGL from 270° at 50 KT.
Wind shear at 500 feet MSL from 270° at 50 KT.
Wind shear at 500 feet AGL from 270° at 50 KT.

Question 14 of 49

14. Question

What is the forecast wind at 1800Z in the following TAF?

KMEM 091740Z 1818 OOOOOKT 1/2SM RAFG OVC005=

Calm.
Unknown.
Not recorded.

Question 15 of 49

15. Question

When the visibility is greater than 6 SM on a TAF it is

expressed as 6PSM.
expressed as P6SM.
omitted from the report.

Question 16 of 49

16. Question

Which weather product is a concise statement of the expected weather for an airport’s runway complex?

Area Forecast (FA).
Weather Depiction Charts.
Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF).

Question 17 of 49

17. Question

A “VRB” wind entry in a Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF) will be indicated when the wind is

3 knots or less.
6 knots or less.
9 knots or less.

Question 18 of 49

18. Question

The body of a Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF) covers a geographical proximity within a

5 nautical mile radius of the center of an airport.
5 statute mile radius from the center of an airport runway complex.
5 to 10 statute mile radius from the center of an airport runway complex.

Question 19 of 49

19. Question

A station is forecasting wind and temperature aloft at FL 390 to be 300° at 200 knots; temperature -54°C. How would this data be encoded in the FB?

300054.
809954.
309954.

Question 20 of 49

20. Question

How much colder than standard temperature is the forecast temperature at 9,000 feet, as indicated in the following excerpt from the Wind and Temperature Aloft Forecast?

FT 6000 9000

0737-04 1043-10

3°C.
10°C.
7°C.

Question 21 of 49

21. Question

What wind direction and speed is represented by the entry 9900+00 for 9,000 feet, on a Wind and Temperature Aloft Forecast (FB)?

Light and variable; less than 5 knots.
Vortex winds exceeding 200 knots.
Light and variable; less than 10 knots.

Question 22 of 49

22. Question

When is the temperature at one of the forecast altitudes omitted at a specific location or station in the Wind and Temperature Aloft Forecast (FB)?

When the temperature is standard for that altitude.
For the 3,000-foot altitude (level) or when the level is within 2,500 feet of station elevation.
Only when the winds are omitted for that altitude (level).

Question 23 of 49

23. Question

Refer to figure 2 below. What approximate wind direction, speed, and temperature (relative to ISA) should a pilot expect when planning for a flight over ALB at FL 270?

270° magnetic at 97 knots; ISA -4°C.
260° true at 110 knots; ISA +5°C.
275° true at 97 knots; ISA +4°C.

Question 24 of 49

24. Question

Refer to figure 2 below. What approximate wind direction, speed, and temperature (relative to ISA) should a pilot expect when planning for a flight over PSB at FL 270?

260° magnetic at 93 knots; ISA +7°C.
280° true at 113 knots; ISA +3°C.
255° true at 93 knots; ISA +6°C.

Question 25 of 49

25. Question

Refer to figure 2 below. What approximate wind direction, speed, and temperature (relative to ISA) should a pilot expect when planning for a flight over EMI at FL 270?

265° true; 100 knots; ISA +3°C.
270° true; 110 knots; ISA +5°C.
260° magnetic; 100 knots; ISA – 5°C.

Question 26 of 49

26. Question

When is the wind group at one of the forecast altitudes omitted at a specific location or station in the Wind and Temperature Aloft Forecast (FB)? When the wind

is less than 5 knots.
is less than 10 knots.
at the altitude is within 1,500 feet of the station elevation.

Question 27 of 49

27. Question

Which values are used for winds aloft forecasts?

Magnetic direction and knots.
Magnetic direction and MPH.
True direction and knots.

Question 28 of 49

28. Question

Decode the excerpt from the Winds and Temperature Aloft Forecast (FB) for OKC at 39,000 feet.

FT 3000 9000 12000 24000 39000

OKC 9900 2018+00 2130-06 2361-30 830558

Wind 130° at 50 knots, temperature -58°C.
Wind 330° at 105 knots, temperature -58°C.
Wind 330° at 205 knots, temperature -58°C.

Question 29 of 49

29. Question

A prognostic chart depicts the conditions

existing at the surface during the past 6 hours.
which presently exist from the 1,000-millibar through the 700-millibar level.
forecast to exist at a specific time in the future.

Question 30 of 49

30. Question

Refer to figure 18 below. The U.S. Low-Level Significant Weather Prognostic Chart at 06Z indicates that central Colorado and southeastern Wyoming can expect

moderate or greater turbulence from to FL 100 to FL 180.
moderate or greater turbulence above FL 240.
no turbulence is indicated.

Question 31 of 49

31. Question

Refer to figure 19 below. The 24-Hour Low-Level Significant Weather Prognostic Chart at 06Z indicates that Ohio will likely experience

ceilings less than 1,000 feet, visibility less than 3 miles.
clear sky and visibility greater than 6 miles.
ceilings 1,000 to 3,000 feet and visibility 3 to 5 miles.

Question 32 of 49

32. Question

The Low-Level Significant Weather Prognostic Chart depicts weather conditions

that are forecast to exist at a valid time shown on the chart.
as they existed at the time the chart was prepared.
that existed at the time shown on the chart which is about 3 hours before the chart is received.

Question 33 of 49

33. Question

Which meteorological conditions are depicted by a prognostic chart?

Conditions existing at the time of the observation.
Interpretation of weather conditions for geographical areas between reporting stations.
Conditions forecast to exist at a specific time shown on the chart.

Question 34 of 49

34. Question

A pilot planning to depart at 1100Z on an IFR flight is particularly concerned about the hazard of icing. What sources reflect the most accurate information on icing conditions (current and forecast) at the time of departure?

Low-Level Significant Weather Prognostic Chart, and the Area Forecast.
The Area Forecast, and the Freezing Level Chart.
Pilot weather reports (PIREPs), AIRMETs, and SIGMETs.

Question 35 of 49

35. Question

What determines how icing is reported on a PIREP?

Type of ice.
Thickness of ice.
Rate of accumulation.

Question 36 of 49

36. Question

What conclusion(s) can be drawn from a 500-millibar Constant Pressure Chart for a planned flight at FL 180?

Winds aloft at FL 180 generally flow across the height contours.
Observed temperature, wind, and temperature/dew point spread along the proposed route can be approximated.
Upper highs, lows, troughs, and ridges will be depicted by the use of lines of equal pressure.

Question 37 of 49

37. Question

Which weather forecast describes prospects for an area coverage of both severe and general thunderstorms during the following 24 hours?

Terminal Aerodrome Forecast.
Convective outlook.
Radar Summary Chart.

Question 38 of 49

38. Question

The Surface Analysis Chart depicts

actual pressure systems, frontal locations, cloud tops, and precipitation at the time shown on the chart.
frontal locations and expected movement, pressure centers, cloud coverage, and obstructions to vision at the time of chart transmission.
actual frontal positions, pressure patterns, temperature, dew point, wind, weather, and obstructions to vision at the valid time of the chart.

Question 39 of 49

39. Question

What information is provided by a Convective Outlook (AC)?

It describes areas of probable severe icing and severe or extreme turbulence during the next 24 hours.
It provides prospects of both general and severe thunderstorm activity during the following 24 hours.
It indicates areas of probable convective turbulence and the extent of instability in the upper atmosphere (above 500 MB).

Question 40 of 49

40. Question

What does a Convective Outlook (AC) describe for a following 24-hr. period?

General thunderstorm activity.
A severe weather watch bulletin.
When forecast conditions are expected to continue beyond the valid period.

Question 41 of 49

41. Question

If you encounter in-flight icing and ATC asks you to report your conditions, what are the official reportable icing values that you are expected to use?

Light, moderate, severe, extreme.
Trace, light, moderate, severe.
Few, light, moderate, severe.

Question 42 of 49

42. Question

When are severe weather watch bulletins (WW) issued?

Every 12 hours as required.
Every 24 hours as required.
Unscheduled and issued as required.

Question 43 of 49

43. Question

What flight planning information can a pilot derive from constant pressure charts?

Clear air turbulence and icing conditions.
Levels of widespread cloud coverage.
Winds and temperatures aloft.

Question 44 of 49

44. Question

Refer to figure 20 below. What is the maximum wind velocity forecast in the jet stream shown on the High Level Significant Weather Prognostic Chart over Eastern Canada?

80 knots.
140 knots.
150 knots.

Question 45 of 49

45. Question

Refer to figure 20 below. What is the height of the center of the low tropopause height over eastern Canada?

FL 240 sloping to FL 450.
FL 290.
FL 340.

Question 46 of 49

46. Question

Refer to figure 7 below. What weather conditions are predicted within area 3?

Light turbulence at FL 370 within the area outlined by dashes.
Moderate turbulence from FL 300 to FL 370.
Moderate to severe CAT has been reported at FL 320.

Question 47 of 49

47. Question

Refer to figure 7 below. What weather conditions are depicted within area 7?

Frequent embedded thunderstorms, less than 1/8 coverage, and tops at FL 370.
Frequent lightning in thunderstorms at FL 370.
Occasional cumulonimbus, bases below 25,000 feet MSL and tops at 53,000 feet MSL.

Question 48 of 49

48. Question

Refer to figure 7 below. The U.S. HIGH-LEVEL SIGNIFICANT WEATHER PROG, area 8, represents the

height of the jet stream (53,000 feet).
height of the tropopause.
height of maximum wind shear (53,000 feet).

Question 49 of 49

49. Question

Refer to figure 7 below. What type of weather can be expected in the red scalloped area near area 9?

2/8 to 6/8 coverage, occasional embedded thunderstorms, tops at FL 330.
1/8 to 4/8 coverage, occasional embedded thunderstorms, maximum tops at 51,000 feet MSL.
Isolated embedded cumulonimbus with tops to FL 330.