Commercial – Chapter 6 – Aeromedical Factors and Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM)

Question 1 of 48

1. Question

Which is not a type of hypoxia?

Histotoxic.
Hypoxic.
Hypertoxic.

Question 2 of 48

2. Question

Which of the following is a correct response to counteract the feelings of hypoxia in flight?

Promptly descend altitude.
Increase cabin air flow.
Avoid sudden inhalations.

Question 3 of 48

3. Question

Hypoxia susceptibility due to inhalation of carbon monoxide increases as

altitude increases.
humidity decreases.
oxygen demand increases.

Question 4 of 48

4. Question

If a pilot has not consumed a drink in 12 hours and has a blood alcohol level of .04 percent, can (s)he fly?

Yes, if it has been in excess of 8 hours since the pilot last consumed alcohol.
No, the pilot has a blood alcohol level of .04.
Yes, the FM requires at least 12 hours and a blood alcohol level of .04.

Question 5 of 48

5. Question

14 CFR 17 requires that blood alcohol level be less than

0.40% when piloting an aircraft.
0.08% when piloting an aircraft.
0.04% when piloting an aircraft.

Question 6 of 48

6. Question

According to current regulations, how many hours must elapse between consuming alcohol and piloting an aircraft?

4 hours.
8 hours.
16 hours.

Question 7 of 48

7. Question

Which of the following statements concerning the combination of alcohol and altitude is true?

Judgment and decision-making abilities will only be affected at altitudes greater than 2,000 ft. MSL.
Altitude multiplies the effects of alcohol.
Increases in altitude do not change how alcohol affects individuals.

Question 8 of 48

8. Question

Hypoxia is the result of which of these conditions?

Excessive oxygen in the bloodstream.
Insufficient oxygen reaching the brain.
Excessive carbon dioxide in the bloodstream.

Question 9 of 48

9. Question

Which is true regarding the presence of alcohol within the human body?

A small amount of alcohol increases vision acuity.
An increase in altitude decreases the adverse effect of alcohol.
Judgment and decision-making abilities can be adversely affected by even small amounts of alcohol.

Question 10 of 48

10. Question

To rid itself of the alcohol contained in one mixed drink, the human body requires about

1 hour.
2 hours.
3 hours.

Question 11 of 48

11. Question

To rid itself of all the alcohol contained in one beer, the human body requires about

1 hour.
4 hours.
3 hours.

Question 12 of 48

12. Question

With a blood alcohol level below .04 percent a pilot cannot fly sooner than

4 hours after drinking alcohol.
12 hours after drinking alcohol.
8 hours after drinking alcohol.

Question 13 of 48

13. Question

Which is a common symptom of hyperventilation?

Drowsiness.
Decreased breathing rate.
Euphoria – sense of well-being.

Question 14 of 48

14. Question

As hyperventilation progresses a pilot can experience

decreased breathing rate and depth.
heightened awareness and feeling of well-being.
symptoms of suffocation and drowsiness.

Question 15 of 48

15. Question

To overcome the symptoms of hyperventilation, a pilot should

swallow or yawn.
slow the breathing rate.
increase the breathing rate.

Question 16 of 48

16. Question

Which would most likely result in hyperventilation?

Insufficient oxygen.
Excessive carbon monoxide.
Insufficient carbon dioxide.

Question 17 of 48

17. Question

A state of temporary confusion resulting from misleading information being sent to the brain by various sensory organs is defined as

spatial disorientation.
hyperventilation.
hypoxia.

Question 18 of 48

18. Question

How may a pilot overcome spatial disorientation?

By relying on his flight instruments.
By decreasing the amount of time spent looking inside.
By relying on all outside visual references.

Question 19 of 48

19. Question

Which of the following flight conditions would indicate a pilot is experiencing spatial disorientation?

Steep turn.
Graveyard spiral.
Turns around a point.

Question 20 of 48

20. Question

A pilot who needs to overcome the effects of spatial disorientation should

breathe rapidly.
ignore the instruments and rely on body sensations.
place a greater emphasis on the flight instruments.

Question 21 of 48

21. Question

To cope with spatial disorientation, pilots should rely on

body sensations and outside visual references.
adequate food, rest, and night adaptation.
proficient use of the aircraft instruments.

Question 22 of 48

22. Question

To scan properly for traffic, a pilot should

slowly sweep the field of vision from one side to the other at intervals.
concentrate on any peripheral movement detected.
use a series of short, regularly spaced eye movements that bring successive areas of the sky into the central visual field.

Question 23 of 48

23. Question

Which technique should a pilot use to scan for traffic to the right and left during straight-and-level flight?

Systematically focus on different segments of the sky for short intervals.
Concentrate on relative movement detected in the peripheral vision area.
Continuous sweeping of the windshield from right to left.

Question 24 of 48

24. Question

What effect does haze have on the ability to see traffic or terrain features during flight?

The eyes tend to overwork in haze and do not detect relative movement easily.
The eyes tend to overwork in haze and do not detect relative movement easily.
All traffic or terrain features appear to be farther away than their actual distance.

Question 25 of 48

25. Question

Haze creates which of the following atmospheric illusions?

Being at a greater distance from the runway.
Being at a closer distance from the runway.
Haze creates no atmospheric illusions.

Question 26 of 48

26. Question

Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM) is a

systematic approach to the mental process used by pilots to consistently determine the best course of action for a given set of circumstances.
decision making process which relies on good judgment to reduce risks associated with each flight.
mental process of analyzing all information in a particular situation and making a timely decision on what action to take.

Question 27 of 48

27. Question

Risk management, as part of the aeronautical decision making (ADM) process, relies on which features to reduce the risks associated with each flight?

Application of stress management and risk element procedures.
The mental process of analyzing all information in a particular situation and making a timely decision on what action to take.
Situational awareness, problem recognition and good judgment.

Question 28 of 48

28. Question

The Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM) process identifies the steps involved in good decision making. One of these steps includes a pilot

making a rational evaluation of the required actions.
developing the "right stuff" attitude.
identifying personal attitudes hazardous to safe flight.

Question 29 of 48

29. Question

An early part of the Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM) process involves

taking a self-assessment hazardous attitude inventory test.
understanding the drive to have the "right stuff."
obtaining proper flight instruction and experience during training.

Question 30 of 48

30. Question

Examples of classic behavioral traps that experienced pilots may fall into are: trying to

assume additional responsibilities and assert PIC authority.
promote situational awareness and then necessary changes in behavior.
complete a flight as planned, please passengers, meet schedules, and demonstrate the "right stuff."

Question 31 of 48

31. Question

The basic drive for a pilot to demonstrate the “right stuff’ can have an adverse effect on safety, by

a total disregard for any alternative course of action.
generating tendencies that lead to practices that are dangerous, often illegal, and may lead to a mishap.
allowing events, or the situation, to control his or her actions.

Question 32 of 48

32. Question

Most pilots have fallen prey to dangerous tendencies or behavior problems at some time. Some of these dangerous tendencies or behavior patterns which must be identified and eliminated include

Deficiencies in instrument skills and knowledge of aircraft systems or limitations.
Performance deficiencies from human factors such as fatigue, illness, or emotional problems.
Peer pressure, get-there-itis, loss of positional or situational awareness, and operating without adequate fuel reserves.

Question 33 of 48

33. Question

What are some of the hazardous attitudes dealt with in Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM)?

Antiauthority (don't tell me), impulsivity (do something quickly without thinking), macho (I can do it).
Risk management, stress management, and risk elements.
Poor decision making, situational awareness, and judgment.

Question 34 of 48

34. Question

The passengers for a charter flight have arrived almost an hour late for a flight that requires a reservation. Which of the following alternatives best illustrates the ANTIAUTHORITY reaction?

Those reservation rules do not apply to this flight.
If the pilot hurries, he or she may still make it on time.
The pilot can't help it that the passengers are late.

Question 35 of 48

35. Question

The pilot and passengers are anxious to get to their destination for a business presentation. Level IV thunderstorms are reported to be in a line across their intended route of flight. Which of the following alternatives best illustrates the IMPULSIVITY reaction?

They want to hurry and get going, before things get worse.
A thunderstorm won't stop them.
They can't change the weather, so they might as well go.

Question 36 of 48

36. Question

While conducting an operational check of the cabin pressurization system, the pilot discovers that the rate control feature is inoperative. He knows that he can manually control the cabin pressure, so he elects to disregard the discrepancy. Which of the following alternatives best illustrates the INVULNERABILITY reaction?

What is the worst that could happen?
He can handle a little problem like this.
It's too late to fix it now.

Question 37 of 48

37. Question

While on an IFR flight, a pilot emerges from a cloud to find himself within 300 feet of a helicopter. Which of the following alternatives best illustrates the “MACHO” reaction?

He is not too concerned; everything will be alright.
He flies a little closer, just to show him.
He quickly turns away and dives, to avoid collision.

Question 38 of 48

38. Question

What is the first step in neutralizing a hazardous attitude in the ADM process?

Dealing with improper judgment.
Recognition of hazardous thoughts.
Recognition of invulnerability in the situation.

Question 39 of 48

39. Question

A pilot and friends are going to fly to an out-of-town football game. When the passengers arrive, the pilot determines that they will be over the maximum gross weight for takeoff with the existing fuel load. Which of the following alternatives best illustrates the RESIGNATION reaction?

Well, nobody told him about the extra weight.
Weight and balance is a formality forced on pilots by the FM.
He can't wait around to de-fuel, they have to get there on time.

Question 40 of 48

40. Question

Hazardous attitudes which contribute to poor pilot judgment can be effectively counteracted by

early recognition of hazardous thoughts.
taking meaningful steps to be more assertive with attitudes.
redirecting that hazardous attitude so that appropriate action can be taken.

Question 41 of 48

41. Question

What should a pilot do when recognizing a thought as hazardous?

Avoid developing this hazardous thought.
Develop this hazardous thought and follow through with modified action.
Label that thought as hazardous, then correct that thought by stating the corresponding learned antidote.

Question 42 of 48

42. Question

When a pilot recognizes a hazardous thought, he or she then should correct it by stating the corresponding antidote. Which of the following is the antidote for antiauthority?

Not so fast. Think first.
It could happen to me.
Follow the rules. They are usually right.

Question 43 of 48

43. Question

When a pilot recognizes a hazardous thought, he or she then should correct it by stating the corresponding antidote. Which of the following is the antidote for MACHO?

Follow the rules. They are usually right.
Not so fast. Think first.
Taking chances is foolish.

Question 44 of 48

44. Question

What does good cockpit stress management begin with?

Knowing what causes stress.
Eliminating life and cockpit stress issues.
Good life stress management.

Question 45 of 48

45. Question

To help manage cockpit stress, pilots must

be aware of life stress situations that are similar to those in flying.
condition themselves to relax and think rationally when stress appears.
avoid situations that will degrade their abilities to handle cockpit responsibilities.

Question 46 of 48

46. Question

The Decide Model is comprised of a 6-step process to provide a pilot a logical way of approaching Aeronautical Decision Making. These steps are:

Detect, estimate, choose, identify, do, and evaluate.
Determine, evaluate, choose, identify, do, and eliminate.
Determine, eliminate, choose, identify, detect, and evaluate.

Question 47 of 48

47. Question

Which of the following is the first step of the DECIDE Model for effective risk management and Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM)?

Detect.
Identify.
Evaluate.

Question 48 of 48

48. Question

Which of the following is the final step of the Decide Model for effective risk management and Aeronautical Decision Making?

Estimate.
Evaluate.
Eliminate.