Commercial – Chapter 3 – Airports, Air Traffic Control and Airspace

Question 1 of 72

1. Question

Which is true regarding flight operations in Class A airspace?

Aircraft must be equipped with approved distance measuring equipment (DME).
Must conduct operations under instrument flight rules.
Aircraft must be equipped with an approved ATC transponder.

Question 2 of 72

2. Question

Which is true regarding pilot certification requirements for operations in Class B airspace?

The pilot in command must hold at least a private pilot certificate with an instrument rating.
The pilot in command must hold at least a private pilot certificate.
Solo student pilot operations are not authorized.

Question 3 of 72

3. Question

Which is true regarding flight operations in Class A airspace?

Aircraft must be equipped with approved distance measuring equipment (DME).
Aircraft must be equipped with an ATC transponder and altitude reporting equipment.
May conduct operations under visual flight rules.

Question 4 of 72

4. Question

Which is true regarding flight operations in Class B airspace?

Flight under VFR is not authorized unless the pilot in command is instrument rated.
The pilot must receive an ATC clearance before operating an aircraft in that area.
Solo student pilot operations are not authorized.

Question 5 of 72

5. Question

What is the maximum indicated airspeed authorized in the airspace underlying Class B airspace?

156 knots.
200 knots.
230 knots.

Question 6 of 72

6. Question

What transponder equipment is required for airplane operations within Class B airspace? A transponder

with 4096 code or Mode S, and Mode C capability.
with 4096 code capability is required except when operating at or below 1,000 feet AGL under the terms of a letter of agreement.
is required for airplane operations when visibility is less than 3 miles.

Question 7 of 72

7. Question

Which is true regarding flight operations in Class B airspace?

The aircraft must be equipped with an ATC transponder and altitude reporting equipment.
The pilot in command must hold at least a private pilot certificate with an instrument rating.
The pilot in command must hold at least a student pilot certificate.

Question 8 of 72

8. Question

Unless otherwise authorized or required by ATC, the maximum indicated airspeed permitted when at or below 2,500 feet AGL within 4 NM of the primary airport within Class C or D airspace is

180 knots.
200 knots.
230 knots.

Question 9 of 72

9. Question

The radius of the uncharted Outer Area of Class C airspace is normally

20 NM.
30 NM.
40 NM.

Question 10 of 72

10. Question

At some airports located in Class D airspace where ground visibility is not reported, takeoffs and landings under special VFR are

not authorized.
authorized by ATC if the flight visibility is at least 1 SM.
authorized only if the ground visibility is observed to be at least 3 SM.

Question 11 of 72

11. Question

If the minimum safe speed for any particular operation is greater than the maximum speed prescribed in 14 CFR Part 91, the

operator must have a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) with the controlling agency.
aircraft may be operated at that speed.
operator must have a Letter of Agreement with ATC.

Question 12 of 72

12. Question

12. Which is true regarding flight operations to or from a satellite airport, without an operating control tower, within the Class C airspace area?

Prior to entering that airspace, a pilot must establish and maintain communication with the ATC serving facility.
Aircraft must be equipped with an ATC transponder.
Prior to takeoff, a pilot must establish communication with the ATC controlling facility.

Question 13 of 72

13. Question

Which is true regarding flight operations to or from a satellite airport, without an operating control tower, within the Class C airspace area?

Prior to takeoff, a pilot must establish communication with the ATC controlling facility.
Aircraft must be equipped with an ATC transponder and altitude reporting equipment.
Prior to landing, a pilot must establish and maintain communication with an ATC facility.

Question 14 of 72

14. Question

When operating an airplane for the purpose of takeoff or landing within Class D airspace under special VFR, what minimum distance from clouds and what visibility are required?

Remain clear of clouds, and the ground visibility must be at least 1 SM.
500 feet beneath clouds, and the ground visibility must be at least 1 SM.
Remain clear of clouds, and the flight visibility must be at least 1 NM.

Question 15 of 72

15. Question

To operate an airplane under SPECIAL VFR (SVFR) within Class D airspace at night, which is required?

The pilot must hold an instrument rating, but the airplane need not be equipped for instrument flight, as long as the weather will remain at or above SVFR minimums.
The Class D airspace must be specifically designated as a night SVFR area.
The pilot must hold an instrument rating, and the airplane must be equipped for instrument flight.

Question 16 of 72

16. Question

When approaching to land at an airport with an ATC facility, in Class D airspace, the pilot must establish communications prior to

10 NM, up to and including 3,000 feet AGL.
30 SM, and be transponder equipped.
4 NM, up to and including 2,500 feet AGL

Question 17 of 72

17. Question

Excluding Hawaii, the vertical limits of the Federal Low Altitude airways extend from

700 feet AGL up to, but not including, 14,500 feet MSL.
1,200 feet AGL up to, but not including, 18,000 feet MSL.
1,200 feet AGL up to, but not including, 14,500 feet MSL.

Question 18 of 72

18. Question

When operating an aircraft in the vicinity of an airport with an operating control tower, in Class E airspace, a pilot must establish communications prior to

8 NM, and up to and including 3,000 feet AGL.
5 NM, and up to and including 3,000 feet AGL.
4 NM, and up to and including 2,500 feet AGL

Question 19 of 72

19. Question

What designated airspace associated with an airport becomes inactive when the control tower at that airport is not in operation?

Class D, which then becomes Class C.
Class D, which then becomes Class E.
Class B.

Question 20 of 72

20. Question

When approaching to land at an airport without an operating control tower, in Class G airspace, the pilot should

make all turns to the left, unless otherwise indicated.
fly a left-hand traffic pattern at 800 feet AGL.
enter and fly a traffic pattern at 800 feet AGL.

Question 21 of 72

21. Question

Refer to figure 51 below. The pilot generally calls ground control after landing when the aircraft is completely clear of the runway. This is when

passes the red symbol shown at the top of the figure.
is on the dashed-line side of the middle symbol.
is past the solid-line side of the middle symbol.

Question 22 of 72

22. Question

Refer to figure 51 below. The red symbol at the top would most likely be found

upon exiting all runways prior to calling ground control.
at an intersection where a roadway may be mistaken as a taxiway.
near the approach end of ILS runways.

Question 23 of 72

23. Question

Refer to figure 51 below. While clearing an active runway you are most likely clear of the ILS critical area when you pass which symbol?

Top red.
Middle yellow.
Bottom yellow.

Question 24 of 72

24. Question

Refer to figure 51 below. The ILS Critical Area Boundary Sign indicates

you are about to enter, or you are clear of, the ILS critical area.
an area you are prohibited from entering.
an area in which aircraft over 30 feet tall may conflict with aircraft on the ILS approach.

Question 25 of 72

25. Question

Refer to figure 51 below. From the cockpit, the middle marking confirms the aircraft to be

on a taxiway, about to enter runway zone.
on a runway, about to clear.
near an instrument approach clearance zone.

Question 26 of 72

26. Question

Refer to figure 51 below. When taxiing up to an active runway, you are likely to be clear of the ILS critical area when short of which symbol?

Bottom yellow.
Top red.
Middle yellow.

Question 27 of 72

27. Question

Refer to figure 51 below. Which symbol does not directly address runway incursion with other aircraft?

Top red.
Middle yellow.
Bottom yellow.

Question 28 of 72

28. Question

Refer to figure 51 below. Which of the signs in the figure is a mandatory instruction sign?

Top end.
Middle yellow.
Bottom yellow.

Question 29 of 72

29. Question

The runway holding position sign is located on

runways that intersect other runways.
taxiways protected from an aircraft approaching a runway.
runways that intersect other taxiways.

Question 30 of 72

30. Question

Refer to figure 60 below. As you taxi you see sign 2 on the right side of the aircraft and sign 1 directly in front of you on the opposite side of the intersection. Does the taxiway continue on the opposite side of the intersection?

Yes, taxiway A is on the opposite side of the intersection.
Yes, taxiway Tis on the opposite side of the intersection.
No, the taxiway does not continue.

Question 31 of 72

31. Question

Refer to figure 60 below. Sign 1 is an indication

of an area where aircraft are prohibited.
that the taxiway does not continue.
of the general taxiing direction to a taxiway.

Question 32 of 72

32. Question

Which of the following best describes a destination sign?

Indicates a runway on which the aircraft is presently located.
Indicates the direction to the takeoff runway.
Indicates the entrance to a taxiway from a runway.

Question 33 of 72

33. Question

When turning onto a taxiway from another taxiway, the “taxiway directional sign” indicates

direction to the take-off runway.
designation and direction of taxiway leading out of an intersection.
designation and direction of exit taxiway from runway.

Question 34 of 72

34. Question

Refer to figure 65 below. The “taxiway ending” marker

indicates taxiway does not continue.
identifies area where aircraft are prohibited.
provides general taxiing direction to named taxiway.

Question 35 of 72

35. Question

Refer to figure 59 below. Use the sign and taxiway diagram. You are approaching the intersection on taxiway 5 and see the sign at the left of the intersection. Taxiway number 2 is identified as

A.
F.
T.

Question 36 of 72

36. Question

Refer to figure 61 below. This sign is a visual clue that

confirms the aircraft's location to be on taxiway "A."
warns the pilot of approaching taxiway "A."
indicates "A" holding area is ahead.

Question 37 of 72

37. Question

“Runway Holding Position Markings” on taxiways

identify where aircraft are prohibited to taxi when not cleared to proceed by ground control.
identify where aircraft are supposed to stop when not cleared to proceed onto the runway.
allow an aircraft permission onto the runway.

Question 38 of 72

38. Question

Refer to figure 57 below. You are directed to taxi to runway 10. You see this sign at a taxiway intersection while taxiing. Which way should you proceed?

Left.
Right.
Straight ahead.

Question 39 of 72

39. Question

The “yellow demarcation bar” marking indicates

A. runway with a displaced threshold that precedes the runway.
a hold line from a taxiway to a runway.
the beginning of available runway for landing on the approach side.

Question 40 of 72

40. Question

What is the purpose of the runway exit sign?

Defines direction and designation of runway when exiting a taxiway.
Defines direction and designation of exit taxiway from runway.
Defines a mandatory exit point from the runway during Land and Hold Short Operations (LAHSO).

Question 41 of 72

41. Question

Refer to figure 66 below. Which marking indicates a vehicle lane?

A.
C.
E.

Question 42 of 72

42. Question

Refer to figure 58 below. At what point on the airport diagram could a pilot expect to see this sign?

3 and 5.
10 and 11.
3, 5, 10 and 11.

Question 43 of 72

43. Question

Refer to figure 56 below. If you were on a taxiway approaching or leading to Runway 22, which sign would you see?

1
2
Neither 1 or 2.

Question 44 of 72

44. Question

Refer to figure 56 below. Sign 1 confirms your position on

runway 22.
routing to runway 22.
taxiway 22.

Question 45 of 72

45. Question

Refer to figure 64 below. You are viewing this sign from the cockpit as you hold short of the runway. The air traffic controller clears you to back taxi on the runway for a full length departure on Runway 8. Which way would you turn to begin the back taxi?

Right.
Left.
Not enough information is provided.

Question 46 of 72

46. Question

Refer to figure 64 below. You are viewing this sign from the cockpit as you hold short of the runway. The air traffic controller clears you to back taxi on the runway for a full length departure on Runway 26. Which way would you turn to begin the back taxi?

Right.
Left.
Not enough information is provided.

Question 47 of 72

47. Question

Refer to figure 64 below. You are holding short for an intersection departure on Runway 8 with the sign in front of you. Which way should you turn when taxiing onto the runway to depart Runway 8?

Turn right.
Turn left.
Insufficient information is provided.

Question 48 of 72

48. Question

Refer to figure 64 below. You are holding short for an intersection departure on Runway 26 with the sign in front of you. Which way should you turn when taxiing onto the runway for departure?

Turn right.
Turn left.
Insufficient information is provided.

Question 49 of 72

49. Question

Refer to figure 64 below. If cleared for an intersection takeoff on runway 8, you see this sign at the intersection hold short position. Which way should you turn when taxiing onto the runway?

Left.
Right.
Need more information.

Question 50 of 72

50. Question

Refer to figure 64 below. You see this sign when holding short of the runway. You receive clearance to back taxi on the runway for a full-length runway 8 departure. Which way should you turn when taxiing onto the runway?

Left.
Right.
Need more information.

Question 51 of 72

51. Question

Refer to figure 64 below. This taxiway sign would be expected

at the intersection of runway 08/26 departure end and the taxiway.
near the intersection of runways 08 and 26.
at a taxiway intersecting runway 08/26.

Question 52 of 72

52. Question

How can you determine if another aircraft is on a collision course with your aircraft?

The nose of each aircraft is pointed at the same point in space.
The other aircraft will always appear to get larger and closer at a rapid rate.
There will be no apparent relative motion between your aircraft and the other aircraft.

Question 53 of 72

53. Question

What is the general direction of movement of the other aircraft if during a night flight you observe a steady white light and a rotating red light ahead and at your altitude? The other aircraft is

headed away from you.
crossing to your left.
approaching you head-on.

Question 54 of 72

54. Question

When in the vicinity of a VOR which is being used for navigation on VFR flight, it is important to

make 90° left and right turns to scan for other traffic.
exercise sustained vigilance to avoid aircraft that may be converging on the VOR from other directions.
pass the VOR on the right side of the radial to allow room for aircraft flying in the opposite direction on the same radial.

Question 55 of 72

55. Question

During a takeoff made behind a departing large jet airplane, the pilot can minimize the hazard of wingtip vortices by

being airborne prior to reaching the jet's flightpath until able to turn clear of its wake.
maintaining extra speed on takeoff and climbout.
extending the takeoff roll and not rotating until well beyond the jet's rotation point.

Question 56 of 72

56. Question

To avoid possible wake turbulence from a large jet aircraft that has just landed prior to your takeoff, at which point on the runway should you plan to become airborne?

Past the point where the jet touched down.
At the point where the jet touched down, or just prior to this point.
Approximately 500 feet prior to the point where the jet touched down.

Question 57 of 72

57. Question

Which procedure should you follow to avoid wake turbulence if a large jet crosses your course from left to right approximately 1 mile ahead and at your altitude?

Make sure you are slightly above the path of the jet.
Slow your airspeed to VA and maintain altitude and course.
Make sure you are slightly below the path of the jet and perpendicular to the course.

Question 58 of 72

58. Question

Choose the correct statement regarding wake turbulence.

Vortex generation begins with the initiation of the takeoff roll.
The primary hazard is loss of control because of induced roll.
The greatest vortex strength is produced when the generating airplane is heavy, clean, and fast.

Question 59 of 72

59. Question

When landing behind a large aircraft, which procedure should be followed for vortex avoidance?

Stay above its final approach flightpath all the way to touchdown.
Stay below and to one side of its final approach flightpath.
Stay well below its final approach flightpath and land at least 2,000 feet behind.

Question 60 of 72

60. Question

Which is true with respect to vortex circulation in the wake turbulence generated by an aircraft?

Helicopters generate downwash turbulence only, not vortex circulation.
The vortex strength is greatest when the generating aircraft is heavy, clean, and slow.
When vortex circulation sinks into ground effect, it tends to dissipate rapidly and offer little danger.

Question 61 of 72

61. Question

With respect to vortex circulation, which is true?

Helicopters generate downwash turbulence, not vortex circulation.
The vortex strength is greatest when the generating aircraft is flying fast.
Vortex circulation generated by helicopters in forward flight trail behind in a manner similar to wingtip vortices generated by airplanes.

Question 62 of 72

62. Question

Which is true with respect to vortex circulation?

Helicopters generate downwash turbulence only, not vortex circulation.
The vortex strength is greatest when the generating aircraft is heavy, clean, and slow
When vortex circulation sinks into ground effect, it tends to dissipate rapidly and offer little danger.

Question 63 of 72

63. Question

Who has the final authority to accept or decline any “land and hold short” (LAHSO) clearance?

ATC tower controller.
ATC approach controller.
Pilot-in-command.

Question 64 of 72

64. Question

The commercial pilot operating as the pilot in command of an aircraft may accept or decline a land and hold short clearance (LAHSO)

when operating for hire.
any time.
at night.

Question 65 of 72

65. Question

Once a pilot-in-command accepts a “land and hold short” (LAHSO) clearance, the clearance must be adhered to, just as any other ATC clearance, unless

an amended clearance is obtained or an emergency occurs.
the wind changes or Available Landing Distance decreases.
Available Landing Distance decreases or density altitude increases.

Question 66 of 72

66. Question

When should pilots decline a “land and hold short” (LAHSO) clearance?

When it will compromise safety.
If runway surface is contaminated .
Only when the tower controller concurs.

Question 67 of 72

67. Question

What is the minimum visibility and ceiling required for a pilot to receive a “land and hold short” clearance?

3 statute miles and 1,000 feet.
3 nautical miles and 1,000 feet.
3 statute miles and 1,500 feet.

Question 68 of 72

68. Question

What is the minimum visibility and ceiling required for a pilot to receive a “land and hold short” clearance?

3 statute miles and 1,000 feet.
3 nautical miles and 1,000 feet.
3 statute miles and 1,500 feet.

Question 69 of 72

69. Question

What information should a pilot have available when encountering LAHSO?

FAA Advisory Circular on airport markings, signs, and LAHSO.
Published available landing distance data for the expected destination.
Aeronautical Information Manual content relating to LAHSO.

Question 70 of 72

70. Question

A ‘land and hold short’ (LAHSO) clearance

precludes a "Go Around" by ATC.
does not preclude a rejected landing.
requires a runway exit at the first taxiway.

Question 71 of 72

71. Question

To conduct LAHSO a pilot should have readily available

runway slope information.
published LAHSO procedure.
current ATC guide for airport runway markings, lights, signs, LAHSO, and runway safety.

Question 72 of 72

72. Question

Prior to accepting a “land and hold short” clearance (LAHSO) a pilot must confirm the aircraft can stop

in the Available Landing Distance.
prior to the intersecting taxiway.
prior to the intersecting runway.